Reinforcement Learning Types

There are three main types of machine reinforcement learning:

  1. Value-based reinforcement learning

Value-based reinforcement learning algorithms learn a value function, which maps from states to expected rewards. The value function is used to estimate the expected reward of taking a particular action in a particular state.

Some of the most popular value-based reinforcement learning algorithms include Q-learning, SARSA, and Deep Q-learning.

  1. Policy-based reinforcement learning

Policy-based reinforcement learning algorithms learn a policy, which maps from states to actions. The policy specifies the probability of taking each action in each state.


Some of the most popular policy-based reinforcement learning algorithms include policy gradients, actor-critic methods, and trust region policy optimization.

  1. Model-based reinforcement learning

Model-based reinforcement learning algorithms learn a model of the environment. The model is used to predict the state of the environment after taking an action.

Some of the most popular model-based reinforcement learning algorithms include Monte Carlo tree search and temporal difference learning.

Each type of machine reinforcement learning has its own advantages and disadvantages. Value-based RL algorithms are typically more efficient than policy-based RL algorithms, but they can be more difficult to train. Policy-based RL algorithms are typically easier to train than value-based RL algorithms, but they can be less efficient. Model-based RL algorithms can be more efficient than value-based and policy-based RL algorithms, but they can be more difficult to train.

The best type of machine reinforcement learning to use depends on the specific problem that you are trying to solve. If you are trying to solve a problem where the value function is easy to estimate, then value-based RL is a good choice. If you are trying to solve a problem where the policy is easy to estimate, then policy-based RL is a good choice. If you are trying to solve a problem where the environment is stochastic, then model-based RL is a good choice.

The choice of which type of reinforcement learning algorithm to use depends on the specific problem that you are trying to solve. Value-based reinforcement learning algorithms are often used for problems where the goal is to maximize the expected reward. Policy-based reinforcement learning algorithms are often used for problems where the goal is to learn a policy that can achieve a desired outcome. Model-based reinforcement learning algorithms are often used for problems where the environment is stochastic or where the state of the environment is not directly observable.

Here are some examples of where each type of reinforcement learning has been used:

  • Value-based reinforcement learning has been used to train agents to play games, control robots, and make financial decisions.
  • Policy-based reinforcement learning has been used to train agents to walk, pick up objects, and navigate through a maze.
  • Model-based reinforcement learning has been used to train agents to play Go, chess, and shogi.

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